{"id":68,"date":"2011-03-09T03:47:06","date_gmt":"2011-03-09T02:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/?page_id=68"},"modified":"2011-06-03T17:36:52","modified_gmt":"2011-06-03T16:36:52","slug":"siena","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/southern-tuscany\/siena\/","title":{"rendered":"Siena"},"content":{"rendered":"


\nSiena<\/strong> \u00e8 una delle pi\u00f9 belle citt\u00e0 d’arte della Toscana e dell’Italia intera. Il centro storico \u00e8 stato dichiarato patrimonio dell’umanit\u00e0 dall’UNESCO<\/strong>. Questa splendida citt\u00e0 in collina in Toscana<\/strong> ha una lunga storia come testimoniano i molti splendidi palazzi storici del centro. Siena<\/strong> ha molti musei, chiese, e palazzi. I suoi abitanti hanno mantenute vive nei secoli le antiche tradizioni: il “Palio of Siena<\/strong>” e l’amore dei senesi per la propria “contrada<\/strong>” rispecchia questo rispetto delle tradizioni e della storia. Una vacanza a Siena<\/strong> \u00e8 un’esperienza indimenticabili.<\/p>\n

Trascorrere un soggiorno a Siena<\/strong> consente di scoprire la migliore parte della Toscana<\/strong>. Ci sono molte cose da fare a Siena<\/strong> durante tutto l’anno. Potete visitare la citt\u00e0 o i paesi della Toscana meridionale<\/strong>, quali Montalcino, Pienza, Montepulciano e Cortona. Oppure visitate Chianti<\/strong>, San Gimignano<\/strong> e Volterra<\/strong>. Oppure godetevi le molte cose da vedere a Siena<\/strong>, con il suo Duomo<\/strong> e Piazza del Campo<\/strong>, la piazza della citt\u00e0. Oppure cercate una sistemazione a Siena<\/strong> per partecipare ai festeggiamenti del celebre Palio di Siena<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

La storia di Siena<\/h2>\n

Il primo insediamento sorto dove oggi si trova Siena risale all’epoca Etrusca e Romana. Saena Julia<\/em> era infatti il nome con cui i Romani chiamavano la citt\u00e0 che fondarono qui. Dall’origine romana<\/strong> deriva anche il simbola della citt\u00e0 \u2013 una lupa che allatta Romolo e Remo<\/strong>. Secondo la leggenda, Siena fu infatti fondata da Senio, figlio di Remo.<\/p>\n

La citt\u00e0 divenne sempre pi\u00f9 importante e ricca con l’invasione dei Longobardi<\/strong>. Questi costruirono infatti nuove strade<\/strong> per collegare i territori del nord d’Italia sotto il loro controllo con Roma, poich\u00e9 le antiche strade romani che passavano lungo la costa erano sempre pi\u00f9 di frequente esposte alle incursioni bizantine. Siena divenne cos\u00ec un prospero centro commerciale e il continuo flusso di pellegrini<\/strong> di strada per Roma portarono grande ricchezze alla citt\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Nel Medioevo<\/strong>, Siena divenne una citt\u00e0 ricca e vibrante<\/strong>. Le antiche famiglie aristocratiche di Siena, di origine longobarda, si fusero con la nobilt\u00e0 franca arrivata in citt\u00e0 dopo che i Longobardi si erano arresi a Carlomagno<\/strong>. La tradizione cristiana<\/strong> della nobilt\u00e0 franca port\u00f2 alla fondazione di molte abbazie<\/strong> su tutto il territorio Senese, come ad esempio l’Abbazia di San Galgano<\/strong> in Val di Merse e l’Abbazia di Sant\u2019Antimo<\/strong> in Val d\u2019Orcia.<\/p>\n

Il XII e il XIII secolo<\/strong> furono particolarmente prosperi. Siena became a major centre of money lending<\/strong> and an important wool trade centre. After a few years during which it was governed by its bishop, in the 12th century the commune of Siena<\/strong> declared its independence from episcopal control. Its first written constitution<\/strong> dates back to this period.<\/p>\n

This is a very important period in the history of Siena and it was crucial in shaping the city as we know it today. It was during the 12th century that the construction of Siena Cathedral<\/strong> (the Duomo<\/em>) was completed. In this same period Piazza del Campo<\/strong>, one of the most beautiful civic spaces in Europe, grew in importance as the centre of the city’s secular life. Piazza del Campo became the site of the market, and the location of various sporting events. A self-governing commune replaced the earlier aristocratic government and increased its territory as the surrounding feudal nobles in their fortified castles<\/strong> submitted to the urban power. Siena’s republic<\/strong> was often in opposition to its great rival, Florence<\/strong>, and in the 13th century it was predominantly Ghibelline<\/strong> in opposition to Florence’s Guelph position. This conflict formed the backdrop for some of Dante’s Divina Commedia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

In 1260<\/strong> the Sienese army defeated the Florentines in the famous Battle of Monteaperti<\/strong>. The legend has it that right before the battle, the city and its contrade<\/em> were dedicated to the Virgin Mary<\/strong>, and that she helped the city soldiers by having a thick white cloud descend on the battlefield, giving the Sienese cover and helping their attack. The rivalry between Siena and Florence<\/strong> is still alive today, especially when the football teams of the two cities meet in a match: it is not uncommon to hear the Sienese supporters remind their Florentine counterparts to “Remember Montaperti!”.<\/p>\n

Siena is home to an excellent University<\/strong> which was also created in the 12th century. Its faculties of law<\/strong> and medicine<\/strong> are still among the best in Italy. Siena cultural life<\/strong> was very lively at that time, and for a while, Siena rivalled Florence in the arts thanks to the big names of the Scuola Senese<\/strong> (the Sienese school) such as Duccio di Buoninsegna<\/strong> and Ambrogio Lorenzetti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The decline<\/strong> of the city power started in the 14th century<\/strong>, when Siena was devastated by the Black Death of 1348<\/strong>, and also suffered from bad financial enterprises. Several political fights<\/strong> led to popular governments, with a brief period during the papacy of Pope Pio II Piccolomini<\/strong>, from Pienza<\/strong>, when the noble families regained some power. After Pio II’s death the control returned into popular hands. In 1472<\/strong> the Republic founded the Monte dei Paschi<\/strong>, a bank that is still active today and is the oldest surviving bank in the world<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

After years of fights for the survival of the Republic, Siena finally sourrendered to Florence<\/strong> in the 16th century<\/strong> and then became part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany<\/strong>, to which it belonged until the unification of Italy in the 19th century.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Siena \u00e8 una delle pi\u00f9 belle citt\u00e0 d’arte della Toscana e dell’Italia intera. Il centro storico \u00e8 stato dichiarato patrimonio dell’umanit\u00e0 dall’UNESCO. Questa splendida citt\u00e0 in collina in Toscana ha una lunga storia come testimoniano i molti splendidi palazzi storici del centro. Siena ha molti musei, chiese, e palazzi. I suoi abitanti hanno mantenute vive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":177,"parent":22,"menu_order":300,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-68","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":550,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/68\/revisions\/550"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.casinadirosa.it\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}